karate run specific feature file

Another example is dogs.feature - which actually makes JDBC (database) calls, and since the data returned from the Java code is JSON, the last section of the test is able to use match very effectively for data assertions. Now it should be clear how Karate makes it easy to express JSON or XML. When JavaScript executes in Karate, the built-in karate object provides some commonly used utility functions. You simply roll your own. The problem is, I want to use other config values as shown here but when I run the test, it fails to access config.ApiKey correctly. Do roots of these polynomials approach the negative of the Euler-Mascheroni constant? "c": 3 These are built-in variables, there are only a few and all of them give you access to the HTTP response. A very rare need is to be able to convert a string which happens to be in YAML form into JSON, and this can be done via the yaml type cast keyword. For example - if a response data element or downloaded file is YAML and you need to use the data in subsequent steps. Each array element is expected to be a JSON object, and for each object - the behavior will be as described above. The placeholder format defaults to angle-brackets, for example: . Karates native support for JSON means that you can assign parts of a JSON instance into another variable, which is useful when dealing with complex response payloads. For those who use Gradle, this sample build.gradle provides a gatlingRun task that executes the Gatling test of the karate-netty project . Karate is a great fit for testing GraphQL because of how easy it is to deal with dynamic and deeply nested JSON responses. This can be really convenient, for example to never run some tests in a certain production like or sensitive environment. But you can choose a single test to run like this: When your Java test runner is linked to multiple feature files, which will be the case when you use the recommended parallel runner, you can narrow down your scope to a single feature, scenario or directory via the command-line, useful in dev-mode. You may face issues if you attempt to mix in JS functions or Java code. Here is the above example re-written to do so: The result of karate.setup() will be a JSON of all the variables created within the Scenario tagged with @setup. Does ZnSO4 + H2 at high pressure reverses to Zn + H2SO4? This report is useful for troubleshooting and debugging a test because all requests and responses are shown in-line with the steps, along with error messages and the output of print statements. This is technically not in the key-value form: multipart field name = 'foo', but logically belongs here in the documentation. The variable state after feature execution would be returned as a Map. there is exactly one row and one column in the table. In typical frameworks it could mean changing multiple properties files, maven profiles and placeholders, and maybe even threading the value via a dependency-injection framework - before you can even access the value within your test. In rare cases you may want to use a csv-file as-is and not auto-convert it to JSON. The syntax will include a = sign between the key and the value. Multiple feature files (or paths) can be specified, de-limited by the space character. Just write the url then base URL after that. This is for evaluating arbitrary JavaScript and you are advised to use this only as a last resort ! If you are behind a corporate proxy, or especially if your local Maven installation has been configured to point to a repository within your local network, the command below may not work. This can be done via the maven-surefire-plugin configuration. This will always hold the contents of the response as a byte-array. Note that this example only does a string equals check on parts of the JSON, but with Karate you are always encouraged to match the entire payload in one step. var sdf = new SimpleDateFormat('yyyy/MM/dd'); There is no need to code the step definitions. If you use commas (instead of concatenating strings using +), Karate will pretty-print variables, which is what you typically want when dealing with JSON or XML. "b": 4, Setting values on JSON documents is simple using the set keyword. Karate Demo. EDIT: Karate now supports being able to use a line-number, for e.g. While converting a number to a string is easy (just concatenate an empty string e.g. Observe how the get shortcut is used to distill the result array of variable envelopes into an array consisting only of response payloads. This is especially useful when capturing screenshots during tests and comparing against baseline images that are known to be correct. Passing data from one feature file to another is very common requirement when it comes to automation. * url myUrl. _ >= 0', Refer to this demo feature for an example: kitten-create.feature. Normally we recommend that you keep your re-usable features lightweight - by limiting them to just one Scenario. Difference between "select-editor" and "update-alternatives --config editor". But this time, the return value from the call step will be a JSON array of the same size as the input array. The extension of the feature file is " .feature ". Checking if a string is contained within another string is a very common need and match (name) contains works just like youd expect: For case-insensitive string comparisons, see how to create custom utilities or karate.lowerCase(). a Use the classpath: prefix to load from the classpath instead. For example a lot of Java projects directly (or indirectly) depend on Netty or Thymeleaf or ANTLR, etc. Unlike other BDD frameworks like Cucumber, Specflow or JBehave, Karate has all the step definitions written for us so we dont have to worry about writing them. each feature opens a new scope without which karate would break in all kinds of ways. ##(subSchema) You can define the variables with the def keyword in the feature file directly. To check whether particular field in response is present and not null using match !null To assert response by ignoring value of particular field So, first lets understand what is response in Karate. Note that the special, built-in tag @ignore will always be skipped by default, and you dont need to specify ~@ignore anywhere. Once you get used to this, you may even start wondering why projects need a src/test/resources folder at all ! Since this is a frequently asked question, the different ways of being able to re-use code (or data) are summarized below. Bloating your configuration can lead to loss of performance, and maintainability may suffer. You dont have to compile code. """, # use dynamic path expressions to mutate json, * def filename = zone == 'zone1' ? It so happens that the karate object has a field called properties which can read a Java system-property by name like this: karate.properties['myName']. Here is an example of using a CSV file as the request-body: Karate provides a flexible way to compare two images to determine if they are the same or similar. This is perfect for those cases where it really doesnt make sense - for example the Background section or when you use the def or set syntax. What this means is that you are free to use whatever makes sense for you. It short-cuts to the pre-defined variable responseHeaders and reduces some complexity - because strictly, HTTP headers are a multi-valued map or a map of lists - the Java-speak equivalent being Map>. name: 'Billie', Note that karate.signal() (described as part of the listen keyword) will be called internally and the listenResult will be the payload contents of the selected message. { What is the point of Thrower's Bandolier? Which suggests that the step should be in the When form, for example: When method post. Paste the raw json in it and Save it. It is worth internalizing that during test-execution, it is upon the method keyword that the actual HTTP request is issued. Karate will traverse sub-directories and look for *.feature files. How to use Karate-config parameters in a feature file? In this chapter, we will discuss memory coalescing. if you are using Karate to create a Java application, LOGBack will look for logback.xml. The not equals operator != works as you would expect: You typically will never need to use the != (not-equals) operator ! The last boolean argument is whether the karate-config.js should be processed or not. #string The .graphql and .gql extensions are also recognized (for GraphQL) but are handled the same way as .txt and treated as a string. You cant do things such as * url 'http://foo.bar' and expect the URL to be set in the called feature. They should be at the end of the karate.options. Some characters such as the hyphen - are not permitted in lenient JSON keys (because they are interpreted by the JS engine as a minus sign). You could even have all the steps start with When and Karate wont care. And most importantly - you can run tests in parallel without having to depend on third-party hacks that introduce code-generation and config bloat into your pom.xml or build.gradle. Since the eval keyword can be omitted when operating on variables using JavaScript, this leads to very concise code: Refer to eval for more / advanced examples. My karate config file is calling a feature file which in turn is calling a JAVA file to get the user name of machine to set some conditions. will pause the test execution until a socket connection (even HTTP, currently for web-ui automation only, see. downloadLatestFn('custom_latest.png') If you are looking for Cucumber hooks Karate does not support them, mainly because they depend on Java code, which goes against the Karate Way. The function is expected to return a JSON object and all keys and values in that JSON object will be made available as script variables. You can easily assign the whole response (or just parts of it using Json-Path or XPath) to a variable, and use it in later steps. For a detailed discussion on BDD and how Karate relates to Cucumber, please refer to this blog-post: Yes, Karate is not true BDD. Theres also a cross-platform stand-alone executable for teams not comfortable with Java. Karate has an elegant way to set multiple keys (via path expressions) in one step. and & will be automatically inserted. The JS API has a karate.signal(result) method that is useful for involving asynchronous flows into a test. Multi-value headers (though rarely used in the wild) are also supported: Also look at the headers keyword which uses JSON and makes some kinds of dynamic data-driven testing easier. will get encoded into %3F. }, In real-life scripts, you would typically also use this capability of Karate to configure headers where the specified JavaScript function uses the variables that result from a sign in to manipulate headers for all subsequent HTTP requests. When you have a large and complex project, you will end up with a few data files (e.g. But one pattern that you should be aware of is that JSON is actually a great data-structure for looking up data. 2. } A Gherkin file is saved with the ".feature" extension. """, """ And steps that follow should logically be in the Then form. Billie Create a new job using the +Add new job link. There should always be karate-config.js in the root folder, even if you dont have any common config. The keywords def, set, match, request and eval take multi-line input as the last argument. But since you can express a list of data-elements as a JSON array - even these XPath expressions can be used in match statements. top: 483, {2}', id: '#uuid' }, # convenient (and recommended) way to check for array length, # here we enclose in round-brackets to preserve the optional embedded expression, # so that it can be used later in a "match", """ Valid options are, The number of bits used to encode each pixel, The maximum size on the smallest dimension before downsampling. In the called feature, the argument can also be accessed using the built-in variable: called Karate scripts dont need to use any special keywords to return data and can behave like normal Karate tests in stand-alone mode if needed, the data return mechanism is safe, there is no danger of the called script over-writing any variables in the calling (or parent) script (unless you use, the need to explicitly unpack variables by name from the returned envelope keeps things readable and maintainable in the caller script, call re-usable functions that take complex data as an argument and return complex data that can be stored in a variable, JavaScript / JSON-style mutation of existing. But you can suffix a ?name to the feature to de-dupe it, like so: Now adminResponse and userResponse will be different, even though the same feature file is being used for a callSingle(). Note that you would typically want to use the @ignore tag for such cases. One pattern you can adopt is to create a factory method that returns a Java function - where you can easily delegate to the logic you want. So if you take the previous folder structure example, you can do this on the command-line: Here, AnimalsTest is the name of the Java class we designated to run the multiple *.feature files that make up your test-suite. Load testing. The example below shows the difference between embedded expressions and enclosed JavaScript: So how would you choose between the two approaches to create JSON ? The match keyword is explained later, but it should be clear right away how convenient the table keyword is. The function has to return a JSON object. countryName: '#string', With the formalities out of the way, lets dive straight into the syntax. _ > 0'. Note that you can even include calls to a database from Karate using Java interop. Karate tool provides you with the step definitions. Variables can be referred to within JSON, for example: So the rule is - if a string value within a JSON (or XML) object declaration is enclosed between #( and ) - it will be evaluated as a JavaScript expression. Ex- headers. Note that #present and #notpresent only make sense when you are matching within a JSON or XML context or using a JsonPath or XPath on the left-hand-side. You can over-ride it by using the header keyword before the method step. While $ always refers to the JSON root, note the use of _$ above to represent the current node of a match each iteration. The recipe for doing this when running Maven from the command line is: You can refer to the documentation of the Maven Surefire Plugin for alternate ways of achieving this, but the argLine approach is the simplest and should be more than sufficient for your Continuous Integration or test-automation needs. or anything wrapped in parentheses which will be evaluated as JavaScript - e.g. Git) to ignore karate-config-*.js if needed. From a file in the same package. If you want, you could even create nested chunks of JSON that name-space your config variables. The results of the first call are cached, and any future calls will simply return the cached result instead of executing the JavaScript function (or feature) again and again. The match keyword will work as you expect. Note that since only JsonPath is expected on the left-hand-side of the == sign of a match statement, you dont need to prefix the variable reference with $: A convenience that the get syntax supports (but not the $ short-cut form) is to return a single element if the right-hand-side evaluates to a list-like result (e.g. So we use the same Gherkin syntax - but the similarity ends there. Because of how easy it is to set HTTP headers, Karate does not provide any special keywords for things like the Accept header. } Assertions and HTML reports are built-in, and you can run tests in parallel for speed. For example: And if you need to suppress placeholder substitution for read(), but still need a JSON snippet, you can do this. } mvn test -Dkarate.options="classpath:myfeature.feature --name ^first$" And if you use IntelliJ - you can right click and do the above. } You need to use karate.toJava() to wrap JS functions passed to custom Java code. You can even retrieve operating-system environment variables via Java interop as follows: var systemPath = java.lang.System.getenv('PATH'); This decision to use JavaScript for config is influenced by years of experience with the set-up of complicated test-suites and fighting with Maven profiles, Maven resource-filtering and the XML-soup that somehow gets summoned by the Maven AntRun plugin. Also note that you can run a scenario by name, for e.g. The structure should be a def keyword followed by a variable name and a value. JSON objects become Java Map-s, JSON arrays become Java List-s, and Java Bean properties are accessible (and update-able) using dot notation e.g. You could always do this in two steps: As a convenience, embedded expressions are supported on the Right Hand Side of a match statement even for quoted string literals: And do note that in Karate 1.0 onwards, ES6 string-interpolation within backticks is supported: An alternative to embedded expressions (for JSON only) is to enclose the entire payload within parentheses - which tells Karate to evaluate it as pure JavaScript.

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