Match each vocabulary term to its definition. c) job enrichment This need is oriented toward fulfilling responsibilities to the employer, not to the self. Learned needs, which Murray called secondary needs, are learned throughout ones life and are basically psychological in nature. Organziational Behaviour, 7ce Chapter 4: Theories of Motivation Chapter 4 Theories of Motivation 4.1 Multiple-Choice Questions 1) Motivation is A) a component of ability, personal traits and desire. Management by objectives is criticized for placing too much emphasis on all of the following EXECPT: A motive is a source of motivation; it is the need that a person is attempting to satisfy. c) Relatedness c) affiliation Dec 12, 2022 OpenStax. Motivator factors involve our long-term need to pursue psychological growth (much like Maslows esteem and self-actualization needs). An employee who is often talkative, gives orders, and argues a lot is motivated by the need for power over others. Identify important outcomes. abeka curriculum controversy. c) Motivation = expectancy + equity + rewards d) hygiene factors 49. c) Motivation = expectancy + equity + rewards b) possible to teach people to develop need profiles required for success in different jobs d) Existence, relatedness, and goals The second component, frustration, occurs when we attempt but fail to satisfy a particular need. d) Who will be a more appropriate manager for an employee That means that the employer should help employees satisfy lower-order needs like safety and security and social needs. a) Existence and you must attribute OpenStax. c) hygiene factors involve the work setting or the environment in which people work. 3. The Anti-Immigration Protests. This need is the second of McClellands learned needs. existence This is a manifest need. c) David McClelland e) inducements, According to expectancy theory, managers can influence workers' __________ by selecting people with proper abilities, training them well, providing them the needed resources, and identifying clear performance goals. They avoid both simple and impossible situations. That is, SDT posits that extrinsic rewards not only do not provide intrinsic motivation, they diminish it. d) Herzberg's two-factor theory. b) People with a high need for power are drawn to interpersonal relationships and opportunities for communication. The unconscious is extremely difficult to study. To form and further an erotic relationship. These eight types of intelligence represent the varied ways individuals process information. d) Physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization stick to one leadership style. a) felt negative inequity As you would expect, high-nAff people are very sociable. Whatever their perspective, most people have a cause that they are passionate about. McClelland calls this the two faces of power.7 A personal power seeker endeavors to control others mostly for the sake of dominating them. He refers to these factors as satisfiers to reflect their ability to provide satisfying experiences. e) It holds that people who feel underpaid will reduce their work efforts to compensate for missing rewards. c. mainly by accident. e) relatedness, According to McClelland, someone with a high need for _________ is drawn to interpersonal relationships and opportunities for communication. McClellands research differs from Murrays in that McClelland studied three needs in depth: the need for achievement, the need for affiliation, and the need for power (often abbreviated, in turn, as nAch, nAff, and nPow).5 McClelland believes that these three needs are learned, primarily in childhood. The second set of needs he termed hygienes. Hygienes relate to the work environment and are based in the basic human need to avoid pain. According to Herzberg, growth needs motivate us to perform well and, when these needs are met, lead to the experience of satisfaction. c) instrumentality e.) safety and self-actualization. b) Feelings of inequity are determined solely by the individual's interpretation of the situation. We will always satisfy our need for water before we satisfy our social needs; water needs have prepotency over social needs. b) instrumentality a) achievement e) Esteem, relationships, and growth, 64. e) Self-actualization, Which of the following needs are addressed in Alderfer's theory? High need for achievement can also be important, but it sometimes results in too much concern for personal success and not enough for the employers success. c.) An individual's choice when presented with a number of possible alternatives. a) power. For example, our need for water takes precedence over our need for social interaction (this is also called prepotency). Herzberg recommends using _________ to build motivators into job content. According to McClelland, Joanna has a high need for _____________. Do you think social responsibility to promote sustainable practices? Multiple Choice Quiz. Maslow was a psychologist who, based on his early research with primates (monkeys), observations of patients, and discussions with employees in organizations, theorized that human needs are arranged hierarchically. c) Assumed positive inequity a) existence factors One major problem with the need approach to motivation is that we can make up a need for every human behavior. To excite, amaze, fascinate, entertain, shock, intrigue, amuse, or entice others. c.) relatedness Launched in 2013, Bombas is the brain child of Randy Goldberg and David Heath. C) an effort toward creating goals. Since content theories suggest that motivation results from individual needs, managers should __________. e.) growth, The ERG theory contends that __________. then you must include on every digital page view the following attribution: Use the information below to generate a citation. a) expectancy a) The theory may be method bound. c) Social, esteem, self-actualization, physiological, and safety d) Safety It focuses on employee motivation,. To adhere and remain loyal to a friend. d) Felt positive inequity e) Higher and lower-order needs become less important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. Exhibit 14.6 shows how Maslows theory relates to factors that organizations can influence. Lastly, the aspiration component of the ERG model notes that, by its very nature, growth is intrinsically satisfying. c) McClelland's acquired needs theory. To accomplish something difficult. e) base wage or salary. There are four major process theories: (1) operant conditioning, (2) equity, (3) goal, and (4) expectancy. On the other hand, there is some evidence that people satisfy the lower-order needs before they attempt to satisfy higher-order needs. b. through empirical analysis. c) McClelland's acquired needs theory. Refinements of Maslows theory in recent years reflect this more limited hierarchy.11 The self-assessment below will allow you to evaluate the strength of your five needs. a) not possible to teach people to develop need profiles required for success in different jobs Which of the following is true of the use of Maslow's needs hierarchy? e) It is not commonly used outside of the United States. But not all companies battle such low engagement rates. Instead, they prefer situations where the outcome is uncertain, but in which they believe they can succeed if they exert enough effort. b) Alderfer's ERG theory. e.) ERG, According to equity theory, __________ exists when an individual feels that he or she has received relatively less than others have received in proportion to work inputs. SDT takes the concepts of extrinsic rewards and intrinsic motivation further than the other need theories. b.) Employees high in nAff should be placed in jobs that require or allow interactions with other employees. c) McClelland's acquired needs theory. d) Goal setting Think of this in terms of hobbies. e) The absence of motivator factors causes job dissatisfaction. OpenStax is part of Rice University, which is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit. c) affiliation An overriding principle in this theory is that a persons attention (direction) and energy (intensity) will focus on satisfying the lowest-level need that is not currently satisfied. e) ERG theory focuses on the consequences of an individual's behavior, whereas Maslow's theory does not. Task feedback, or knowledge of results, overwhelms employees with information and reduces employee motivation toward higher performance. d) Herzberg's two-factor theory. Need-based theories describe motivated behavior as individual efforts to meet needs. He called the first set motivators (or growth needs). Other companies have made social responsibility an everyday part of what they do. A common thread through all of them is that people have a variety of needs. d) Physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization, Which of the following needs did Maslow describe as higher-order needs? High social power seekers are concerned with goals that a work group has set for itself, and they are motivated to influence others to achieve the goal. c) The theory does not account for regression. e) Less difficult goals are more likely to lead to higher performance than are more difficult goals. Why or why not? A kind of mirroring of clients' statements. When theyre present in sufficient quantities, we avoid dissatisfaction, but they do not contribute to satisfaction. The cell membrane is composed. An invoice of $3168 from Scottish Importers has cash terms of 4/20 EOM and is dated June 5. c) Expectancy b) Equity a) Lower-order needs become more important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. The genetic theory of aging states that lifespan is largely determined by the genes we inherit. According to this perspective, the manager's job is to identify what people need and then to make sure that the work environment becomes a means of satisfying these needs. c) reinforcers The theories presented in this section focus on the importance of human needs. The theory of multiple intelligences, developed by Howard Gardner, posits that humans can possess eight different types of intelligence: musical-rhythmic, visual-spatial, verbal-linguistic, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic. Sustainability should be visible both within and outside the company. Companies benefit from reduced waste and increased employee engagement. Performing well on this job wont satisfy their need to be around other people. e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. 2017. RBS boosts employee motivation and engagement through its CSR approach. employee benefits. b.) d. through the insights of clinicians d Transpersonal psychology's founders include all of the following except: a. Abraham Maslow b. John Krumboltz c. Stanislav Grof. According to Maslow, when lower-level needs are reactivated, we once again concentrate on that need. If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a print format, Rather, hygienes refer to job context factors (pay, working conditions, supervision, and security). To act for fun without further purpose. d) 28 Hygiene needs, on the other hand, must be met to avoid dissatisfaction (but do not necessarily provide satisfaction or motivation).15. It is too easy. McClelland describes three major characteristics of high-nAch people: Why is nAch important to organizational behavior? a) People with a high need for achievement prefer individual responsibilities, challenging goals, and performance feedback. c.) physiological, safety, and social. d) affiliation factors a) Expectations, relationships, and goals Developing and sustaining a helping-trusting, authentic caring relationship Creative use of self and all ways of knowing as part of the caring process to engage in artistry of caring-healing practices Practice of loving kindness and equanimity (self-control/composure) within context of caring consciousness Barton, Tynan. One of your authors has a father-in-law who would much rather spend his weekends digging holes (for various home projects) than going fishing. To please and win affection of a coveted object. c) Motivator factors involve what people actually do in their jobs. On StuDocu you will find over 6300 lecture notes, summaries and assignments from LU, to help you pass your exams. e) feeling of personal growth. Exhibit 14.6 illustrates Maslows proposed hierarchy of needs. c) affiliation Organizational behavior researchers, however, are not as enamored with it because research results dont support Maslows hierarchical notion. d) Social e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. It reflects a motivation to influence and be responsible for other people. Accounting for the imputed interest on a noninterest bearing note receivable is an example of what aspect of accounting theory? 36. A lot of fishing, no fish, and no results equal failure! Content theories include all of the following theories EXCEPT: a) Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. They recorded $97,440 in accounts receivable for the year and$288,550 in credit sales. a) Safety Content theories explain work motivation in terms of what arouses, energizes, or initiates employee behavior. What is the bad debt estimation for the year using the balance sheet method? a) The multiplier effect is still in question. are licensed under a, Major Characteristics of the Manager's Job, How the Brain Processes Information to Make Decisions: Reflective and Reactive Systems, Administrative and Bureaucratic Management, External and Internal Organizational Environments and Corporate Culture, The Internal Organization and External Environments, Organizing for Change in the 21st Century, Ethics, Corporate Responsibility, and Sustainability, Dimensions of Ethics: The Individual Level, Ethical Principles and Responsible Decision-Making, Leadership: Ethics at the Organizational Level, Ethics, Corporate Culture, and Compliance, Emerging Trends in Ethics, CSR, and Compliance, Cultural Stereotyping and Social Institutions, Characteristics of Successful Entrepreneurs, Trends in Entrepreneurship and Small-Business Ownership, Strategic Analysis: Understanding a Firms Competitive Environment, Gaining Advantages by Understanding the Competitive Environment, A Firm's External Macro Environment: PESTEL, A Firm's Micro Environment: Porter's Five Forces, Competition, Strategy, and Competitive Advantage, The Strategic Management Process: Achieving and Sustaining Competitive Advantage, The Role of Strategic Analysis in Formulating a Strategy, Strategic Objectives and Levels of Strategy, Planning Firm Actions to Implement Strategies, Measuring and Evaluating Strategic Performance, An Introduction to Human Resource Management, Influencing Employee Performance and Motivation, Talent Development and Succession Planning, Benefits and Challenges of Workplace Diversity, Situational (Contingency) Approaches to Leadership, Substitutes for and Neutralizers of Leadership, Transformational, Visionary, and Charismatic Leadership, Opportunities and Challenges to Team Building, Factors Affecting Communications and the Roles of Managers, Managerial Communication and Corporate Reputation, The Major Channels of Management Communication Are Talking, Listening, Reading, and Writing, Formal Organizational Planning in Practice, Management by Objectives: A Planning and Control Technique, The Control- and Involvement-Oriented Approaches to Planning and Controlling, MTIIts Importance Now and In the Future, External Sources of Technology and Innovation, Internal Sources of Technology and Innovation, Management Entrepreneurship Skills for Technology and Innovation, Managing Now for Future Technology and Innovation, The New York City Metropolitan Transit Authority undertook a new approach to how they perform critical inspection and maintenance of subway components that are necessary to providing reliable service.
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